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PROCEEDINGS. 



GRAND LODGE OF PENNSYLVANIA. 



Quarterly Grand Communication, 
held in philadelphia, 

MARCH 6TH, 1865, A. L. 5865. 



The Grand Lodge was opened in ample 
form at a quarter to seven o'clock. 

PRESENT: 
Bro. Lucius H. Scott, 

Right Worshipful Grand Master. 

" John L. Goddard, 

Right Worshipful Deputy Grand Master. 

" Richard Vaux, 

Right Worshipful Senior Grand Warden. 

" Robert A. Lamberton, 

Right Worshipful Junior Grand Warden. 

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Bro. 


Peter 


— 4 — 
Williamson, 








Right Worshipf'i 


il Grand Treasurer. 


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William H. Adams, 








Right Worshipf'i 


1 Grand Secretary. 


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James 


L. Taylor, 








Assisting Grand 


Secretary. 


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F. H. 


Jackson, 





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Senior Grand Deacon. 

Robert Clark, 

Junior Grand Deacon. 

Henry J. White, 

Grand Marshal. 

James Simpson, 

Grand Sword Bearer. 

Joseph H. Boswell, 

Grand Pursuivant. 



Adam Maag, 
James Ferguson, 

Grand Stewards. 

William Barger, 

James Page, 

William Whitney, 
" Henry M. Phillips, 
" John Thomson, 

Past Grand Masters. 

" Geo. H. McCabe, 

Edward P. Kingsbury, 
" Chas. M. Howell, 

District Deputy Grand Masters. 



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— 5 — 

The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of 
New York, and the Most Worshipful Grand 
Lodge of Washington Territory, were repre- 
sented by the Right Worshipful Senior Grand 
Warden, Bro. Richard Vaux ; and the Most 
Worshipful Grand Lodge of Missouri was 
represented by the Right Worshipful Grand 
Secretary, Bro. William H. Adams. 

There was also present a large concourse 
of Masters, Wardens and Past Masters from 
the various Lodges under this jurisdiction, 
and many visitors. 

Past Grand Master Brother James Page, 
rose and addressed the Grand Lodge as 
follows : 

Right Worshipful Grand Master : — 

I rise to pay a proper tribute to 
the memory of the dead. I have often in this presence 
performed the sad duty before. On each occasion I 
uttered sentiments truly entertained, and manifested 
feelings as sincere as they were natural, but never were 
my mind and heart more in a subject than that which 
now engrosses them. Respect, admiration, gratitude, 
and brotherly love, all conspire to prompt me, and I 
willingly move where they invite, and shall perform, 
however imperfectly, the duty which they enjoin. 



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— 6 — 

Since the last meeting of this Grand Lodge, another 
of its Past Grand Masters has passed away. Brother 
George Mifflin Dallas is dead. Not much known 
in this Hall or to the Order of late years, he nevertheless 
" in the olden time" occupied its prominent and highest 
positions, and was eminently distinguished for his Ma- 
sonic zeal and ability, and the valuable services he ren- 
dered the Order. He was proud of it in those days and 
through all his life, and we have every reason to be 
proud of his memory now that he is gone from us 
forever. 

Dying on the morning of Saturday, I did not hear of 
it until late that evening. As soon as I could communicate 
with the family, I suggested to them the propriety of 
inviting this Masonic Body to take part in the funeral 
ceremonies, to which they readily assented. The time 
for notice however was brief. I endeavored (having 
other pressing matters in connexion with his lamented 
death to attend to) to see the Grand Officers, but was 
unsuccessful, and, after consulting with the Grand 
Secretary, concluded that the notice would be too short 
for a proper response on the part of the fraternity. 
Hence the omission to invite the Brethren. 

I attended his funeral : Never was there in our city a 
more general gathering of the prominent, wise, and good 
of our community, bad as was the weather, to do honor 
to his remains. The services were mainly performed by 
our Grand Chaplain, Brother, the Rev. H. W. Ducachet. 
They were touching and beautiful, after the formula of 
the Protestant Episcopal Church, of which our deceased 



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Brother was a consistent and exemplary member. When 
the solemn words, " Earth to earth, ashes to ashes, and 
dust to dust," were uttered, and I saw the evidence of 
man's mortality fall upon and discolor the dark covering 
of the coffin, within which his body was laid, I felt the 
appeal, and inwardly said, " A good man has gone to his 
final repose." I say emphatically a good man, Right 
Worshipful Grand Master, for, in my judgment, it is 
better, far better, to die the death of the good man than 
that of the great. Greatness is of the earth ; a shadow 
— adream. Goodness is of heaven ; substance — immor- 
tality. Such was the death of our Brother. He de- 
scended to the tomb amid the regrets of a whole 
community, the sorrow of friends, the grief of relatives, 
and the tears and broken hearts of his domestic circle. 

In the Masonic life of Brother Dallas, will be found 
incidents of a marked and striking character. They are 
peculiar and instructive. To this generation they are 
almost wholly unknown. I shall go back to them as a 
reason for the action I now ask. The recital cannot be 
without Masonic interest, nor fail to command your 
attention and respect. Others have done honor to his 
memory. It is my purpose and duty now to present the 
subject for your notice, so that the tribute which is 
eminently due the services, character and fidelity of our 
departed Brother, may be properly rendered ; for of all 
the men who have ever occupied that chair, no one, 
living or dead, has a stronger claim upon Masonic 
remembrance and gratitude. 

I respectfully submit, therefore, the preamble and 




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resolutions I am about to read, for the approval and 
adoption of this Grand Lodge. 



Brother the Hon. George Mifflin Dallas, was 
born in the Citv of Philadelphia, on the ioth day of 
July, 1792, and died there on the last day of the year 
1864. 

He was the son of the Hon. Alexander James Dallas, 
Secretary of the Treasury of the United States under 
President Madison. His father, like himself, was also a 
distinguished member of the Bar of Philadelphia. 

Brother Dallas was a prominent man in the city and 
State of his nativity, and in the councils of the Nation. 
He held at various times the offices of Mayor of the 
city, Deputy Attorney-General of the city, United States 
Senator from the State, Attorney-General of the State, 
Vice-President of the United States, Minister Plenipo- 
tentiary to the several Courts of St. Petersburg and St. 
James, and many other offices of great confidence and 
trust. In each and all of these, his duties were ably, 
efficiently, and faithfully discharged, and the fame of his 
public career remains untarnished, and is known and 
respected in countries other than our own. 

Past Grand Master Brother J. R. Chandler, writes : 
" The polished manners, the diplomatic education and the grace- 
ful form and movements of Mr. Dallas, made him conspicuous 
in the diplomatic circle of which he formed a part both in Russia 
and in England. But he will be remembered with real affection by 
those Americans who, whether for business or courtesy, had inter- 



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course with him when he was last at the British Court. His corres- 
pondence with the other American ministers in Europe during his 
residence in London was, when on public business, marked by that 
sagacity which entitled him to his position, and when of a private 
character, it was influenced by a genial spirit that made it most 
gratifying to those who were the recipients of his letters." 

In private life Brother Dallas was a model of excel- 
lence, a pattern worthy of imitation — high-toned, moral, 
pure, honest and correct — blending with marked dignity 
of presence, and a graceful bearing of manner, feelings 
of genuine kindness and affection, and a simplicity and 
candor of intercourse that wt j« sure to win regard and 
command esteem. In the language of another " his 
intellect conquered, but his heart secured the victory." 

His domestic virtues were the jewels of his existence — 
affectionate, gentle, and devoted as a husband and a 
father, he experienced from the objects of his care and 
guardianship, a love and reverence seldom equalled, but 
never surpassed. 

He was a christian gentleman and an ardent Mason, 
with fervent pietv and great benevolence of heart. 

While he was not often with us in his later years, 
owing to the claims upon his time by reason of public 
duties both at home and abroad, he was always of us, 
ever manifesting and living up to those virtues, which 
are the crown and glory of Masonry, and ever taking 
pride in the order to which he belonged. 



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Our Grand Chaplain Brother, the Rev. H. W. Du- 
cachet, says : 

"The memory of my deceased friend Past Grand Master 
Dallas, well deserves the notice of the Masonic Brotherhood. 
During our long intimate acquaintance, it was entirely in domestic 
and social relations that I knew him, and there he was a pattern of 
virtue and excellence. As his pastor I knew him well, and loved 
him affectionately." 

Past Grand Master Brother Chandler further writes : 
"Not to know Mr. Dallas would argue onesself unknown. 
There was not a Philadelphian that did not recognize the splendid 
person, the dignified manner and the gentlemanly movements of 
George M. Dallas, and felt it a pleasure to speak to him. 
Various circumstances brought me into occasional intercourse 
with him, but not with any familiarity for a long time after the 
acquaintance commenced. Different pursuits, opposite political 
tenets naturally kept apart men who were strongly attached to 
their pursuits, and were defending in their different positions their 
party tenets and the recipients of their party offices. But an asso- 
ciation in the lodge tended to lessen the distance between us, and 
to remove any feelings of partial dislike which political antagonism 
had produced, and a kindly feeling was generated and improved, 
which continued during the life of Mr. Dallas, and which is 
certainly cherished by me for one who knew so well how to make 
his public position a means of enlarged courtesy, and secure the 
affectionate regard of those who sought his official direction, or 
resorted to him for that aid which his office enabled him to afford. 
He was a model of kindness and seemed to find the highest pleasure 
in contributing to the enjoyment and ease of those who were 
placed within his action or influence." 

Brother Dallas was initiated in PVanklin Lodge, No. 
134, in March, 1818. At the stated meeting in De- 

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cember, 1 8 19, he was elected its Senior Warden, and in 
December, 1820, Worshipful Master, into which office 
he was duly installed the same evening by the Right 
Worshipful Grand Master Brother Newcomb. He was 
re-elected Worshipful Master in December, 1821. 

From the minutes of the lodge it appears that on the 
2 1st June, 1 82 1, he pronounced a pertinent and appro- 
priate lecture on Masonry, its origin and benefits. On 
the 1 8th August, he delivered another lecture on the 
science and principles of Masonry, and he again lee- 
tured on the science and principles of Masonry on the 
20th of October, 1821. 

On the 1 8th January, 1822, he was appointed, in con- 
junction with other Brethren, a committee from the 
lodge to form, with representatives or committees from 
other lodges, a grand committee, to meet on the 25th 
February, to take into consideration and report what 
measures it might be deemed proper to adopt upon the 
alleged grievances of the Subordinate Lodges in this 
jurisdiction, which had agitated the Fraternity. His 
attendance at the meetings of the Lodge was very regu- 
lar both as officer and member. His name appears 
frequently on the various committees, and his interest in 
its affairs is apparent from the record of the lodo-e its 
success being particularly marked during the two years 
he was Worfhipful Matter, there being signs of greater 
prosperity and a fuller attendance of its members. The 
lodge ceased its labors some time in the year 1832, ten 
years after he had ceased to be its Worshipful Master, 



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12 

but he continued with it to the last. On its re-organi- 
zation in October, 1846, he did not rejoin it. At that 
time he was Vice-President of the United States, having 
taken the oath of office on the 4th March, 1845. 

While a member of Franklin Lodge, and one of its 
representatives on the floor of this Grand Lodge, he was 
elected and installed Junior Grand Warden in December, 
1828; re-elected and installed in December, 1829; 
elected and installed Senior Grand Warden in December, 
1830; re-elected in December, 1831, but not installed 
in consequence of his necessary absence at Washington 
as a Senator of the United States, until the Grand Quar- 
terly Communication held on the 3d September, 1832. 
He was elected and installed Deputy Grand Master in 
December, 1832; re-elected and installed in December, 
1833, having occasionally presided as Grand Master pro 
tern. 

At an adjourned Grand Quarterly Communication of 
the Grand Lodge, held on the 16th day of June, 1834, it 
was resolved to celebrate St. John the Baptist's Day, the 
approaching 24th of that month, it being the Centennial 
anniversary of the establishment of the First Lodge in 
Pennsylvania, of which lodge Brother Benjamin Frank- 
lin was the first Master, by an address ; and Deputy 
Grand Master Brother Dallas was unanimously se- 
lected as the orator. 

On St. John's Dav, Brother Dallas presided as the 
Right Worshipful Grand Master pro tern. The death of 
their Brother and fellow-member General La P'ayette, 




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which took place at Paris, on the 20th of May, in the 
seventy-seventh year of his age, was announced to the 
Grand Lodge, and further solemn proceedings were had ; 
an eloquent preamble and resolutions were adopted. 
The jewels, hangings and furniture were directed to be 
placed in mourning for twelve months, and steps taken 
to procure a portrait of the General, to be suspended in 
the hall. A committee, of which Brother Dallas was 
chairman, was appointed to communicate the proceedings 
to the family of La Fayette. Brother Dallas, in com- 
pliance with the previous arrangement, delivered a 
"beautiful and instructive Masonic address," for which 
the unanimous thanks of the Grand Lodge were ten- 
dered, and a copy of it requested for publication. 

In that address he took occasion to allude in fervent 
and eloquent words to the decease of the good La Fav- 
ette, describing him " as a man, the Guest of a Nation 
to whose service he had dedicated his early enthusiasm, 
fortune, and blood •," as a member of the Grand Lodge, 
a " body," as La Favette himself had said, " of which 
Franklin was the father, and Washington the associate ; 
as an exalted Mason whose virtues and exploits were 
alike in both hemispheres ; that in both he passed un- 
scathed in honor, through sanguinary revolution ; in 
both he shone the firm, faithful, and fearless champion 
of human liberties and rights ; in both he rivetted him- 
self by the loftiest and gentlest qualities in universal 
respect and affection ; and in both his death was sin- 
cerely mourned as a common calamity." He concluded 
by saving, " While we join in the sad and solemn rites 



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everywhere performing by our countrymen in melancholy 
attestation of their deep veneration and undying gratitude 
for an early and indefatigable public benefactor, we can- 
not but own one added pang, though accompanied by 
one peculiar pride as kindling memory suggests, that, he 
also was a Mason" 

Brother Dallas was elected Right Worshipful Grand 
Master, on the 1st of December, 1834, and duly in- 
stalled on the 27th day of the same month. From this 
time until the Grand Ouarterly Communication in 
December, 1835, when he declined a re-election, besides 
the Grand Quarterly Communications, there were many 
adjourned Grand Quarterly Communications, over nearly 
the whole of which he presided, giving his time, talents, 
and attention to the interests and welfare of the Grand 
Lodge. 

At the Grand Quarterly Communication in March, 
1835, a grand committee of twenty-one, at the head of 
which was the Right Worshipful Grand Master, was 
appointed, with instructions to enquire into and report 
the most feasible course to be pursued by the Grand 
Lodge in the then state of its pecuniary concerns. 

Surrounded as Masonry at that time was by the spirit 
of persecution, its strength had fallen off, and its means 
were greatly diminished. These were the dark days of 
its history in the State — these the days when it was 
something to claim affinity to and stand by the Order, 
and save it from the bankruptcy and ruin with which it 
was threatened. There were foes without and despond- 



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ency within. An open adherence to the faith required a 
moral courage which many of its members were not 
capable of exhibiting ; and for a time Masonry was 
under a cloud, and the lodges began to grow weak and 
decline. 

In the report presented by Brother Dallas as the 
Chairman of the committee of twenty-one, the defi- 
ciency of means to meet expenses was plainly pointed 
out ; and " to avoid a most embarrassing and disgraceful 
if not fatal catastrophe to the financial concerns and 
character of the Order," it was advised and urged that 
the real estate then held by the Grand Lodge, the spot 
on which we are now assembled in this magnificent hall, 
should be sold, and another lot and edifice, much less 
expensive, procured. Hard as it was to part with the 
time-honored edifice, the scene of so many interesting 
events, the necessity was pressing, the step unavoidable ; 
and at an Adjourned Grand Quarterly Communication, 
held 6th April, 1835, a committee of five was appointed 
to ascertain the price that could be obtained for the real 
estate, and to receive proposals for the sale of a suitable 
building for the accommodation of the Grand Lodge. 
The Committee consisted of Brothers Joseph R. Chan- 
dler, Joseph S. Riley, Cornelius Stevenson, William 
Stephens, and Mark Richards. But two of its members 
now survive, Brothers Chandler and Riley, the latter of 
whom is as earnest and constant in his attendance and 
the discharge of his duties to the order now, as he was 
in the days of our trouble and danger. The Com- 
mittee reported in favor of a sale of the hall and lot, 

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and were authorized to carry their recommendation into 
effect, and were subsequently further authorized to pur- 
chase the Washington Hall. They performed their 
arduous and most important duties to the entire satis- 
faction of the Grand Lodge, and received its unanimous 
vote of thanks in December, 1835, when the new hall 
was consecrated. 

The wise and prudent counsel given was thus carried 
out by the sale of this lot and the buildings then on 
it, and the purchase and fitting up of Washington Hall, 
South Third street, where, for a long time afterwards. 
our meetings were held. This movement, mainlv the 
result of the foresight and energy of Brother Dallas, 
averted the downward tendency of the institution, and 
from that time to the present, our progress has been 
onward and upward, and this Grand Lodge now basks 
in the sunshine of a prosperity hitherto unknown to its 
annals. 

While Brother Dallas was in the exercise of his 
duties as one of the Grand Officers, the Grand Lodge 
became the recipient of the magnificent bequest of our 
lamented Brother Stephen Girard, a fountain of 
benevolence from which has ever since been flowing 
consoling streams of succor and relief, for the sick, 
the afflicted and the unfortunate. Doubtless to his 
sound mind and legal acumen, acting in concert with 
the other Grand Officers, that direction was given to 
this noble charity which enables us at this day to point 
to it with pride as the most striking proof the world 
has ever seen, of the healthful and humane teachings 



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— 17 — 

of Masonry, and the practical benefits which the Order 
is capable of diffusing. This trust has, since its crea- 
tion, been managed by those having it in charge so well 
and prosperously, that it has been increased to nearly 
double its original amount, notwithstanding the large 
sums which have been dispensed from it in accordance 
with the will of the benevolent donor. 

Brother Dallas was also one of the Trustees to re- 
ceive the title deeds for the new hall, and united with 
the other Grand Officers in giving the bond and mort- 
gage for part of the purchase money. This authority 
was conferred by resolution of the Grand Lodge, 25th 
August, 1835. 

At the annual Grand Communication, December 
28th, 1835, Brother Dallas presided as Right Wor- 
shipful Grand Master for the last time, and assisted 
in dedicating the new hall, " to the Grand Architect 
of the Universe and to Masonry — to virtue and to 
science — to charity and benevolence," and concluded 
by addressing the Grand Lodge " in a strain of solemn 
eloquence." He referred to u the embarrassing situa- 
tion in which the enemies of Free-Masonry had placed 
the Order, and called upon the brethren to suppress all 
feelings of unkindness ; to hush all animosities towards 
opponents, and to remember that the ceremonies they 
had just witnessed were no idle pageants — that the dedi- 
cation of the hall to universal benevolence, showed that 
in our good feelings all mankind were concerned, while 
we, as Masons, carefully adhered to all the duties we 
had assumed ; that we were not to overlook the fact, 



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that love to God, and obedience to the laws of the 
land, were part and parcel of the duties which Masons 
owe to each other, and which Masonry solemnly and 
invariably inculcates upon her children." 

For his "eloquent, able, and dignified" address at this 
the last prominent act in his Masonic career, he re- 
ceived the unanimous thanks of the Grand Lodge. 

Having thus with unabated zeal and signal grace and 
ability and unswerving fidelity, administered the affairs 
of the Grand Lodge in the most trying period it has 
ever known, and laid a corner stone, the strength and 
power of which we are now resting upon, he (with 
the exception of two years when he acted as Trustee 
of the Girard Bequest, in which he took a lively inter- 
est) retired from an active Masonic life of nearly twenty 
years, most of the time holding its offices and dignities 
— being called to other scenes and other lands, and 
required to labor in other and broader fields of general 
duty and public usefulness. 

Prior to and during the Grand Mastership of Brother 
Dallas, the fell-spirit of Anti-Masonry was abroad, and 
in this State the Order was persecuted and denounced 
far and wide — some quailed before the storm, and veil- 
ing their Masonry retired from and abjured its temples 
— but he, with other able and conspicuous brethren, 
continued stedfast in the faith, confronting its enemies 
and braving their power. He was among the first, as 
he was one of the most prominent, members of the 
Order, summoned to Harrisburg in January, 1836, by 
a Committee of the House of Representatives of this 



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State, and there detained and threatened with imprison- 
ment by the political party then in the ascendancy. 
Through this ordeal he passed unscathed, never losing 
sight of his rights as a man, nor faltering in his duty 
as a Mason. He was as true to the one as he was firm 
in the other. 

The spirited and dignified protest presented by him 
to the Inquisitors, was in the following words : 

Gentlemen of the Committee: 

I am a citizen of Pennsylvania by birth and constant residence. 
Having imbibed in early youth, I still retain, a strong sense of the 
free spirit of her institutions; and am unconscious of ever having, 
directly or indirectly, intentionally or inadvertently, committed an 
act or uttered a sentiment repugnant to her constitution, inconsis- 
tent with her laws, injurious to her morals, or derogatory to her 
character. My present purpose is to do that which, under existing 
circumstances, best harmonizes with my past life, and with an una- 
bated devotion to her highest, purest, and most lasting interests. 

I am a member of the society of freemasons. It is more than 
twenty years since I became so. At that period the example of the 
wisest and truest patriots, of Dr. Franklin, Gen. Washington, of 
Gen. Warren, of Gen. La Fayette, and of many near and dear 
friends, were naturally alluring. Public opinion designated the 
association as alike virtuous, useful, and harmless ; and legislation, 
which never discountenanced the connexion, subsequently and 
expressly encouraged its continuance by signal marks of approval. 
In passing through the forms of admission, I voluntarily assumed 
obligations and duties in themselves perfectly compatible with the 
paramount obligations and duties of a citizen to his country, and 
tributary to the pursuits of enlarged philanthropy. If in the spheres 
of the institution beyond what is termed the Master's degree — 
spheres which I have not entered — or in other regions of its ex- 



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20 

istence, there are, as I cannot believe, practices or ceremonies oppo- 
site in their tendencies, they are irreconcilable with its essential 
aims and true character. Certainly of any such I am entirely 
ignorant. It is however not my design or wish to eulogize or 
defend freemasonry — I am neither authorized or recpiired to do so 
— my only object, is distinctly to explain and justify my own per- 
sonal attitude and actions in regard to this committee. 

The ninth article of the Constitution of Pennsylvania, entitled a 
Declaration of Rights, sets forth, and unalterably establishes, " the 
general, great, and essential principles of Liberty and Free Govern- 
ment." It was intended by this article to guaranty the citizen 
against the inroads of powers, exercised from whatever quarters, 
and under whatsoever pretext — and it is formally declared, " that 
everything in it is excepted out of the general powers of Govern- 
ment, and shall forever remain inviolate." It is above the reach of 
legislation. We have no " omnipotence of parliament." Neither 
this committee, nor the House of Representatives, nor the General 
Assembly, nor all the organized Departments of the Government 
united, can touch, in order to evade or violate any one of its pro- 
visions. It is a sacred repository of the practical and substantial 
rights and liberties of the people, enumerated and reserved — inher- 
ent and indefeasible. When these shall be supinely yielded up, the 
freedom of which we now justly boast, must become illusory and 
vapid. 

As a private citizen of Pennsylvania, I claim, with especial refer- 
ence to this Article of her Constitution, to possess and to enjoy 
rights and liberties which no earthly power can abridge or destroy — 
nor will I consent, when mindful of the gratitude I owe to the 
community at large, to be, in the slightest degree, accessary to the 
mischiefs which a surrender or waiver of those rights and liberties, 
on an occasion so ostensible as this, might produce. I will not 
consent that human authority shall, " in any case whatever, control 
or interfere with the rights of conscience." I will not consent to 
discredit the declaration that " the free communication of thoughts 
and opinions is one of the inviolable rights of man." I will not 



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consent to consider as idle and nugatory the emphatic precaution, 
that "the people shall be secure in their persons, houses, papers, 
and possessions, from unreasonable searches and seizures." I will 
not consent to the validity of any " ex post facto law." In a word, 
I will not consent to hold my rights and liberties of private inter- 
course, private sentiment, and private business, subject to the domi- 
ciliary visitations, the changeable majority, or the ideal policy of 
any body of men whatever. 

I understand this committee to be empowered by the House of 
Representatives to investigate what are called the evils of freema- 
sonry, and for that purpose to send for persons and papers ; and I 
am summoned by subpcena, tested by Thaddeus Stevens, Esq., its 
Chairman, from my home, family, and professional pursuits, to 
attend here, in order to communicate, as a witness under oath, what 
I may know in relation to the subject of inquiry. 

The society of freemasons is, in this state, strictly of a private 
nature. It is not incorporated. Like other voluntary associations, 
it is neither formed nor forbidden by law. Without, therefore, 
pausing to illustrate and enforce the remark that it would be equally 
constitutional to investigate the evils of the Society of Friends, or 
other societies of religion, or societies of politicians, or societies of 
convivial gayety, or of any of the countless combinations of part- 
nership by which men strive to realize calmness of conscience, the 
enjoyment of life and liberty, the acquisition and protection of 
property and reputation, and the pursuit of happiness, I respectfully 
affirm to this committee my absolute conviction, that the proceed- 
ing which attempts, under the forms of legislation and through my 
own agency, to pry into, expose, condemn, and ridicule my per- 
sonal doings and relations with this body of citizens, is as utterly 
inconsistent with the tenor and terms of the constitution as its ex- 
pansion to similar cases would be fatal to freedom. 

Superadded to the considerations at which I have thus glanced, it 
is impossible for me to be insensible to the just dictates of personal 
honour. Assuredly this sentiment should never restrain any one 
from denouncing what is criminal or dishonest, and were I ac- 



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quainted with anything of that nature in the operation and tenden- 
cies of freemasonry, nothing could bind me to silence. But I was 
received by this association into its own confidence, upon my own 
application. I have been allowed a knowledge of the modes in 
which its members identify each other, and avoid deceptions upon 
their benevolence. At a time when neither law, nor public opin- 
ion, nor my own conscience, suggested a doubt of its correctness, I 
engaged myself to secresy, and I cannot, without a sense of 
treachery and degradation which would embitter all my future life, 
prove false to my promise. Better, by far, endure the penalties of 
alleged contumacy, be they what they may. 

I have thought it due to the committee and to myself, to preface 
by these explanatory remarks, my refusal to be sworn. 

G. M. Dallas. 
And he Refused to be Sworn. 

What a sublime spectacle do not this language and 
this attitude of our departed brother exhibit to us. 

In adverting to these proceedings, P. Grand Master 
Brother Chandler writes : — 

" There are few who were present in the Hall of the House of 
Representatives that will ever forget the impression made by the 
manly appearance and important protest of Mr. Dallas. Of 
course he would take no oath which would make it incumbent 
on him to answer every question which ingenuity had been long 
contriving, and so he and the other recusants were ordered into a 
quasi custody while the miserable Committee made a report of the 
contempt with which their authority had been treated. ' And so 
day by day the whole number of Masonic prisoners, from all parts 
of the State, were paraded before the House and made to hear the 
silly diatribes of a parcel of weak-headed or bad-hearted men, 
and to be denounced as incipient traitors. It became necessary 

it it 



?f 



— 23 — 

from time to time to make some response to the cjuestions pro- 
j)ounded and charges made against the prisoners. On such occa- 
sions Mr. Dallas, by general consent, was the orator of" the 
recusants, and his withering sarcasm told strongly on all the 
auditors. It was then remarked, that while Mr. Dallas defended 
his right as a citizen, he never lost sight of the fact that he was 
standing in the Hall dedicated to the enactment of the laws of 
the Commonwealth, and in the presence of those who had been 
constitutionally chosen to make those laws. He paid the defer- 
ence, all the deference possible, to the nominal representatives of 
the people, but he let them understand that neither he nor his 
companions considered them any thing more than the accidental 
result of a morbid feeling, unworthy of freemen, and that the bad 
sentiment had in them fit representatives. There were those pre- 
sent who for a moment thought the forbearance of Mr. Dallas 
too great a leniency, but events showed that his judgment was 
good, and that though persecuted and outraged in their civil 
rights, the Masons knew how to defer to existing authorities. 
Perhaps it was in part to this most patriotic discrimination of 
Mr. Dallas that was due the triumph of the recusant Masons 
over the miserable faction which for a single election had obtained 
political power, and for a single year disgraced the State. The 
whole deportment of Mr. Dallas while obeying the call of the 
Legislature was dignified and loyal, securing to him the con- 
tinued respectful consideration of all who witnessed his gallant 
defence of individual rights, and his truly dignified forbearance 
when protesting against the wrong that did more discredit to the 
fair fame of the Commonwealth than to those who were the imme- 
diate objects of the silly persecution. It was painful for a citizen 
to feel himself injured by such monstrous proceedings, but it was 
scarcely less painful to contemplate the mortifying fact, that even 
the great wrong had with it none of the amelioratory circum- 
stances with which good manners and social propriety sometimes 
invest a public outrage." 



■k 



PF =K 

— 24 — 

A late writer, in alluding to the action of Brother 
Dallas before the Committee, says : — 

" When he was asked to take the oath by which he was required 
virtually to acknowledge the right of instituting an inquisition so 
unheard of, into the private and harmless conduct of himself and 
his associates, he refused in a short, but most impressive address, 
and displayed in terms that led to the abortive termination of the 
disreputable affair — its injustice, its illegality and folly. His manly 
and decided course upon this occasion gained for him the grateful 
acknowledgments of many, who, though opposed to him in the 
ordinary contests of party, yet appreciated, as he did, the sanctity 
of social intercourse and domestic privacy." 

Other and able protests were presented by eminent 
Masons from this city, who were compelled to attend 
before this Committee, among them those of P. Grand 
Masters Josiah Randall, Tristram B. Freeman, Samuel 
H. Perkins and Joseph R. Chandler ; R. W. Grand 
Secretary Samuel M. Stewart, and the Grand Tyler 
Charles Schnider. 

There were other brethren, some now present, who, 
although summoned were not examined. They were 
equally as determined in their open adhesion to, and in 
their earnest defence of the rights of the Craft " in these 
times that tried Masons' souls," and which mark an im- 
portant epoch in the history of Masonry, the State and 
the Nation. P. Grand Masters Brothers Kittera and 
Badger, the one long since dead and the other still with 
us, but advanced in years and prostrated and languish- 
ing under life's slow decay, whose dying pillow is made 
easy by fraternal kindness, were also summoned and 



Hr 



i 



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V 



— 25 — 

went to Harrisburg, as also P. Masters Charles Stout, 
Robinson R. Moore and Allen Ward, now dead. The 
Rev. Brother William T. Sproul was also before that 
Committee, and startled its members in his stirring pro- 
test by the remarkable expression : " Gentlemen, if you 
are willing to convert yourselves into a modern Jugger- 
naut — Roll on /" 

The refusing brethren, as stated by P. Grand Master 
Brother Chandler, were taken into custody and brought 
before the bar of the House of Representatives. Va- 
rious motions were made and long debates ensued. 
Finally, after being in the charge of the Sergeant-at- 
Arms for some two days, they were released and per- 
mitted to return to their homes in various parts of the 
State, and this vexatious, unjust and tyrannical proceed- 
ing came to an end. 

Some time thereafter most, if not all of those who 
had been so foully wronged by the proceedings of the 
Legislature, with a view to protect their own charac- 
ters and to place upon record their solemn denial of 
the evils attached to the Order, and vindicating it from 
the vile and slanderous aspersions with which it had 
been so unjustly and cruelly assailed, prepared and pub- 
lished their several affidavits, as follows: — 

"TO THE PUBLIC, 

"The subjoined statement is believed by the signers thereof to 
be due to themselves and to the society of which they are mem- 
bers ; and its publicity seems to be further called for by the 
assertion of some members of the House of Representatives, that 

A ii 



PF 



— 26 — 

the asseverations in favor of Free-Masonry, made by many of the 
witnesses recently before that body, are not, and would not be 
sworn to. 

" The subscribers, citizens of the Commonwealth of Pennsyl- 
vania, were recently summoned before a Committee appointed by 
the House of Representatives, and required to testify, as witnesses 
on oath, in relation to what are called the evils of Free-Masonry. 
They believed it to be a duty to the cause of civil liberty, to the 
Constitution, to the community, to their families, and to them- 
selves, to resist a compulsory examination for that purpose ; and 
they obeyed the dictates of their consciences, by respectfully, but 
firmly pursuing that course. Many of them have long ceased to 
participate in the meetings or deliberations of Masonic societies, 
and retain in recollection very little more than their general objects, 
principles and tendencies: but all of them are able to give to their 
fellow-citizens, under the most solemn of sanctions, and with the 
pledge of their characters as Christians and men, certain assurances 
which may be calculated to remove erroneous impressions and to 
dispel ungenerous suspicion. 

" Appealing, therefore, to the Searcher of all hearts, for the truth 
of what they say, they declare — 

"First. That they do not know, and do not believe that Free- 
Masonry enjoins upon, or sanctions in its members, any conduct 
incompatible with the strictest and purest citizenship, with the most 
absolute obedience to the laws of their country as paramount to all 
voluntary rules and regulations, and with the fairest administration 
of justice. 

" Second. That they do not know, and do not believe that Free- 
Masonry is, or can be made an engine of political party, or of 
religious sectarianism; having always observed and understood that 
its societies weie indiscriminately comprised of men hostile in 
political sentiment and action, and of every religious persuasion. 

" Third. That they do not know, and do not believe that what 
are termed 'the secrets'' of Free-Masonry can impair the personal 
independence, or injuriously affect the morals of its members. 



ft 



Jr 



— 27 — 

" Fourth. And that, while humbly sensible that wherever human 
beings associate or exist, there must be error, misjudgment and 
folly in individuals, they do not know, and do not believe that 
Free-Masonry, as a Society, has for its foundation or cement, 
any principle or motive at variance with the cardinal ones of 
Charity, Friendship, Virtue, Knowledge and Industry. 

"(Signed) GEORGE WOLF, Harrisburg, 

JOHN MACLAUGHLIN, Elizabeth, Lan- 
caster county, Pa., 
N. W. SAMPLE, Lancaster county, 
JOHN MATHIOT, Lancaster city, 
HENRY KIFFER, Lancaster city, 
SAMUEL C. BONHAM, York, Pa., 
THOMAS McGRATH, York, Pa., 
ALLEN WARD, Philadelphia, 
JOHN STEELE, Lancaster county, 
ROBERT CHRISTY, Pittsburg, 
GEO. K. HARPER, Chambersburg, Pa., 
FR. R. SHUNK, Harrisburg, 
E. PENTLAND, Pittsburgh, 
ROBERT RICHARDSON, Mount Joy, 

Lancaster county, 
JACOB EMMETT, York, Pa., 
SAMUEL RINGWALT, Lancaster county. 

" Dauphin county, ss. 

" Sworn and subscribed to before me, this 
23d day of January, A. D. 1836. 

" (Signed) W. Kline, J. P. [l. s.] 



" T. B. FREEMAN, WILLIAM STEPHENS, 

SAMUEL H. PERKINS, CHARLES STOUT, 

JOSEPH R. CHANDLER, JOSIAH RANDALL, 

SAMUEL M. STEWART, WILLIAM T. SPROUL, 

CHARLES SCHNIDER, GEORGE M. DALLAS. 

" City of Philadelphia, ss. 

" Sworn and subscribed to before me, this 
26th day of January, A. D. 1836. 

" (Signed) John Binns, J. P. [l. s.] 



T 



ff =K 

— 28 — 

" The undersigned, who were summoned to, and did, appear 
before the said Committee, but were discharged without being 
required to give evidence, and would, if they had been required, 
have declined taking the oath, do severally swear or affirm to the 
truth of the foregoing statement. 

(Signed) " JAMES PAGE, 

SAMUEL BADGER, 
ROBINSON R. MOORE. 

" Sworn and affirmed to before me, this 
26th day of January, A. D. 1836. 

(Signed) John Binns, J. P. [l. s.] 



" I was summoned, and did not appear, in consequence of a 

very severe indisposition; but if present, and required, I should 

have declined taking the oath; but I do now swear to the truth of 

the foregoing statement. 

"JOHN M. READ. 

" Sworn and subscribed to before me, this 
27th day of January, A D. 1836. 

(Signed) John Binns, J. P. [l. s.]." 

Of the active, devoted and untiring brethren, in these 
hours of trial, some are still with us, yet bound by the 
mystic tie, and others have passed away. Among 
the former we are still happy to greet and fraternally 
welcome in our temple P. Grand Masters James Harper, 
John M. Read, and John Thomson ; and of the latter, 
our records show the names of P. Grand Masters Bayse 
Newcomb, Michael Nisbet and Jno. Steele. Their 
works speak for them, and they have gone to their 
reward. 



■k 



— 2 9 — I 

From the commencement of this extraordinary perse- 
cution of Free-Masonry and for a long time afterwards, 
so great was the depression and so wide-spread the dis- 
may in our ranks, that it was frequently the case that 
a tew prominent brethren who took an open and active 
part in sustaining and upholding the Order, were obliged 
to seek out and obtain the services of others in assist- 
ing them in doing the work of many of the subordinate 
Lodges, to prevent them from perishing. It was a time 
to be remembered by all who witnessed it — full of dis- 
mal forebodings as to the future. No one under the 
trying circumstances surrounding the Institution in our 
locality labored with more zeal and success than P. 
Grand Master Brother William Barger, aided by P. 
Masters Brothers R. R. Moore of No. 3, John Brad- 
ley of No. 19, and J. Dalzell Moore of No. 158. 

The average attendance of the members of the Grand 
Lodge in the years 1835-36, had fallen off to something 
less than one hundred. The Grand Quarterly Com- 
munications generally exhibited the same brethren, a 
devoted band, constant and fearless, resolved, in the 
language of the Grand Lodge of Rhode Island, which 
the then state of society compelled it to put forth, 
" that their duty was plain — peacefully to adhere to our 
Institution through evil as well as through good report." 
Of this band not many are now living, so busy has 
death been with the true Masons of those times. The 
names of the survivors, as nearly as they can be gathered, 
deserve honorable mention. They are Brothers N. L. 
Hatfield, Robert McCulloch, Samuel Webb, and David 



?f 



— 30 — 

C. Skerrett, P. Grand Master, of No. 3; John K. 
Murphy of No. 19; John Thomson, P. Grand Master, 
of No. 515 James Ferguson of No. 52; William H. 
Adams, Grand Secretary, of No. 59; John C. Smith, 
James Hutchinson, P. Grand Master, of No. 67; 
Samuel H. Perkins, P. Grand Master, of No. 91 ; David 
Boyd of No. 114; John McCloud of No. 115; Joseph 
S. Riley and William Brown of No. 130; Peter Fritz, 
P. Grand Master, of No. 155; and George Smith, of 
No. 186. 

Of the many gone to the narrow house appointed 
for all living, who were alike faithful in their temples 
and out of them, when danger was around and about 
them, nor time nor space will permit the notice; but 
we can, in all the sincerity and fervor of Masonic lan- 
guage, ejaculate, "may we be as faithful; mav our eyes 
be closed in peace like theirs and our dying pillow as 
easy ; may our love for the Order be like theirs ; our 
faith as pure and stedfast ; our devotion to its principles 
and landmarks as lasting and as firm ; and, if need be, 
may their example teach us how to be martyrs for the 
truth and the right — their names shall not be lost from 
our rolls — they shall not only be written there, but upon 
our hearts, and preserved in our memories for evermore, 
and be as the evergreen of our faith in the immortality of 
the soul." 

On the appointment of Brother Dallas as Minister 
Plenipotentiary to the Court of St. Petersburg, the 
Grand Lodge, at an extra Grand Communication, held 



T 



tb 



HI 



— 3 1 — 

on the 3d of April, 1837, passed a Resolution, de- 
claring — 

" That it entertained a due sense of the services of Brother 
Dallas to that body, and to Masonry in general, as well for his 
manly firmness in sustaining the rights of the Craft, as for his 
urbanity as a brother and dignified deportment as Grand Master, 
and respectfully and affectionately tendered him their congratula- 
tions upon his honorable appointment, and their hearty wishes for 
his health and happiness and that of his family." 



He refers to this event in his Diary, under date of 
nth of April, " as a most flattering communication 
from the Grand Lodge." 

In the same Diary, under date of 26th of April, he 
says — 

" Last evening, after suffering famously all day, I had the 
hardihood to retract an apology to my Masonic friends, and to 
accompany Major Benjamin Russell, (the old Editor,) Mr. Lewis 
and Mr. Sibley, as a Committee, to East Boston and a supper at 
Maverick-House. This entertainment, like the Bar dinner, was 
exceedingly well done and most flattering. Dr. Flint presided, 
and Mr. Power (poet and musician) was one of the vice-presi- 
dents. The basis of the compliment to me was explained by Dr. 
Flint, in preparing his toast, to be the decisive course I had taken 
at Harrisburg in January, 1836, when before the Committee of 
Investigation ; and, to be sure, they seem to have viewed that 
incident of my public life in the most flattering and enthusiastic 
manner. I endeavored to answer as well as I could, gave them a 
rapid sketch of the proceeding, and, although deprived almost 
entirely by illness of voice or energy, their prolonged and often in- 
terrupting plaudits, convinced me that the subject was one on which 
I could not fail to succeed. Old Russell, who sat by me, was 



Hr 



Pf 



— 3 2 ~ 

particularly marked in his expressions of approbation, and assured 
me when he left me at the door of the Tremont at eleven at night, 
that he had never been more gratified by a public entertainment." 

On the ist day of May, 1847, tne corner-stone of 
the Smithsonian Institute, at Washington, D. C, was 
laid, with imposing Masonic and other ceremonies. 

Brother B. B. French, Grand Master of the Grand 
Lodge of the District of Columbia, accompanied by a 
large body of Brother Masons, and supported by Brother 
Charles Gilman, Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of 
Maryland, and Brother James Page, Grand Master of 
the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, had charge of the 
Masonic observances. Brother French wore the apron 
which had been presented to General Washington by 
the Masonic Lodge of France through the hands of 
La Fayette. He used upon this occasion the same gavel 
which General Washington used in laying the corner 
stone of the capitol of the nation. After the comple- 
tion of the Masonic ceremonies, Brother Dallas, then 
Vice-President of the United States, and by virtue of 
his office the Chancellor of the Institute, made an elo- 
quent address, explanatory of the character of the Insti- 
tute and the objects contemplated by the bequest, from 
which the following striking extract is made : 

"James Smithson, a Londoner born, and claiming to be the son 
of a distinguished nobleman, gave his life exclusively to intellectual 
pursuits, and especially to researches in physical and experimental 
science. Supplied with larger means than his wants required, and 
steadily practising a strict scheme of personal economy, he amassed 
a considerable fortune. He died at Genoa in 1829, and by his will 



?f- 



— 33 — 

bequeathed his accumulated property to this Union, a country that, 
notwithstanding his change of abode, he had never visited, whose 
citizens he had never associated with, but in whose inevitable future 
he saw the most solid ground on which to cast the anchor of his 
tame. His legacy, for some time the subject of litigation in the 
British Court of Chancery, was finally secured, brought over, and 
received in the treasury of the United States, on the ist of Septem- 
ber, 1838. Its exact amount when deposited was $515,169. 

" This legacy was accompanied by a declaration of its design, 
and the execution of that design has been assumed as well by an 
acceptance of the money as by several open and formal avowals by 
our Government. It was to found an Institution at Washington 
for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men — to found, 
not an academy, not a college, not an university, but something less 
technical and precise, something whose import and circuit should be 
bolder and more comprehensive — an Institution not merely for dis- 
seminating, spreading, and teaching knowledge, but also and fore- 
most for creating, originating, increasing it. Where ? In the citv 
whose name recalls the wisest, purest, and noblest spirit of the 
free-est, newest, and broadest land. And among whom ? Not a 
chosen or designated class — not the followers of a particular sage or 
sect — not the favorites of fortune nor the lifted of rank — but among 
men! Men of every condition, of every school, of every faith, of 
every nativity — Men ! It was with a purpose thus elevated and 
expansive, thus as well distinct as undiscriminating, that James 
Smithson committed his wealth to the guardianship of the American 
Republic." 

The Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, in participating 
in these ceremonies, to which it had been officially 
invited, was represented hv its then Grand Master, and 
the following brethren : Peter Fritz, Deputy Grand 
Master ; William Barger, Past Grand Master ; Thomas 
B. Florence, Senior Grand Warden ; C. C. Williams, 



+. 



•f 



— 34 — 

Junior Grand Warden ; Peter Williamson, Grand Treas- 
urer ; William H. Adams, Grand Secretary ; D. C. 
Skerrett, Senior Grand Deacon ; J. A. Phillips, Junior 
Grand Deacon ; Alexander E. Dougherty, Deputy 
Grand Secretary ; Jacob Steiner, Grand Sword Bearer ; 
James Simpson, Grand Marshal ; Adam Maag, Grand 
Pursuivant ; and William B. Schnider, Grand Tyler. 

Brother Dallas received and welcomed his brethren 
in the most cordial and fraternal way, and extended 
to them those courtesies and attentions which were so 
natural to him, and constituted one of the charms of his 
character. At the same time, the then President of the 
United States, James K. Polk, a Brother Mason, also 
received the deputation at the White House, in a most 
kind and fraternal manner. 

In recalling these events, we disentomb the past for 
the information of the present and the benefit of the 
future, and strew the grave of our departed Brother with 
the sweet flowers of remembrance and hallow it with the 
fraternal expressions of our gratitude. He has left in 
the Lodge and out of it, a reputation worthy of all praise, 
and a memory deserving of all honor — a Masonic record 
as noble as that of any of the distinguished Brethren 
who have ever occupied the Oriental Chair. 

When such a light, after shining so beautifully in the 
East, goes down so gloriously in the West, the occur- 
rence demands from the Order a fitting notice among 
its archives, that the name and fame of our departed 



* 



— 35 — 

Brother may become a part and parcel of our history, 
and be transmitted through all time as an incentive to 
the many of our faith, that they, " hearing and knowing 
of his good works, may imitate and follow them." 

Therefore, be it — 

Resolved, That this Grand Lodge has heard with 
emotions of profound sorrow and deep regret of the 
decease of its late Past Grand Master, Brother George 
Mifflin Dallas. 

Resolved, That by this sudden and sad event the 
Order has been deprived of one of its most faithful 
and eminent members, the community of a good and 
worthy citizen, and the State and nation of an able 
statesman and a true patriot. 

Resolved, That in the long and useful life of our 
lamented Brother, he exemplified those virtues which 
adorn, dignify, and make beautiful the human character 
— virtues which it is the especial object of Masonry to 
inculcate, preserve, and enforce. Unaffected but sincere 
in his piety; of a moral rectitude without blot or blem- 
ish ; a lover of law and the friend of order ; temperate in 
all things •, prudent, forbearing, courteous, and charitable ; 
honorable and conscientious in all that he did, with a 
wise and philosophical command of himself, (the result 
of a true elevation of soul,) he ever sought " to walk 



T 



■k 



-36- 

humbly in the sight of God," to do justice and love 
mercy. 

Resolved, That we most respectfully and affectionately 
condole with the family of our departed Brother in 
their deep affliction. As a theme for pleasant remin- 
iscences of the past, we refer them to his good and 
virtuous life and his peaceful and painless death, " full 
of years and full of honors j" and leave them for con- 
solation to the care and mercv of that Divine Power 
in which he believed and trusted, and from which alone 
can come the relief needed by the bruised spirit and 
the wounded heart. 

Resolved, That these resolutions, together with the 
proceedings thereon, be published, and copies thereof 
transmitted to each of the Grand Lodges of the United 
States and the Grand Lodges abroad, and to each of the 
Subordinate Lodges under this jurisdiction, and also to 
the family of the deceased. 

Resolved, That in further testimony of our respect 
for the memory of our deceased Past Grand Master, 
the jewels, hangings, and furniture of this Grand Lodge 
be clothed with the habiliments of mourning for the 
space of six months. 

The Preamble and Resolutions were sec- 
onded by Past Grand Master Brother Henry 



H 



— 11 — 

M. Phillips ; and the question being taken 
by the Right Worshipful Grand Master, the 
same were unanimously adopted, and two 
thousand rive hundred copies thereof ordered 
to be printed. 

WILLIAM H. ADAMS, 

Grand Secretary. 



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